Inmunohistoquímica de la inervación del conducto deferente humano / Immunohistochemistry in the innervations of the human vas deferens

El conducto deferente humano presenta una pared muscular gruesa, donde el componente muscular liso ocupa la parte media y más prominente. Esta composición histológica le permite al órgano desarrollar las potentes contracciones durante el proceso de la eyaculación y emisión del semen. Objetivos: Analizar la presencia y distribución de la positividad inmunohistoquímica a Neurofilamentos (NF) en las paredes del conducto deferente humano. Pacientes, Materiales y Método: De tres pacientes sometidos a orquiectomía radical por diagnóstico de Seminoma, se obtuvieron los conductos deferentes fijados en formol tamponado (pH 7,2). Mediante procedimientos histológicos de rutina, se obtuvieron secciones de 5 um de espesor en portaobjetos silanizados. Se procedió al desarrollo del protocolo de inmunohistoquímica usando anticuerpos específicos contra Neurofilamentos (NF); las imágenes se obtuvieron con cámara fotográfica digital CCD Micrometrics, en microscopio óptico Olympus CX31. Resultados: En los subcompartimientos de las secciones transversales de la pared de los conductos deferentes humanos, se observa la reacción inmunohistoquímica positiva a NF. Sin embargo, los fascículos nerviosos se concentran en la adventicia, mientras que en la mucosa y pared muscular son en extremo escasos y finos. Conclusión: En el conducto deferente existe una inervación preferencial dispuesta en la adventicia del órgano, siendo posible que la potencia de la contracción de la pared en base a la actividad muscular, requiera factores adicionales de estimulación.

The human vas deferens has a thick muscular wall, where the smooth muscle component occupies the middle and most prominent. This composition allows the organ histologic develop powerful contractions during ejaculation process and the semen. Objectives. To analyze the presence and distribution of immunologically positlve for Neurofilament (NF) on the walls of human vas deferens. Patients, Materiall and Methods.' Three patients undergoing radical orchiectomy for seminoma diagnosis were obtained vas deferens fixed in buffered formain (pH 12). By routine histological procedures, sections were obtained 5 um thick on silylated slides. We proceeded to the development of immunohistochemical protocol using specific antibodies against Neurofilament (NF); the digitized images were obtained with CCO Micrometrics digital camera, in the light microscope Olympus CX31. Results: In the subcompartments of the cross sections of the wall of human vas deferens, there is a positive immunohistochemical reaction to NF However, nerve bundles are concentrated in the adventitia, whereas in the mucosa and muscle wall are extremely rare and fine. Conclusion: In the vas deferens there willing preferential innervation in the adventitia of the court, it being possible for the power of contraction of the wall of the body based on muscle activity, stimulation requires additional factors.

Vas deferens surface epithelium of Agouti paca: fine structural features / Epitelio del conducto deferente de Agouti paca: observaciones de estructura fina

The surface epithelium of the vas deferens of Agouti paca, a wild and large South American rodent, was basically formed by principal and basal cells being only the principal cells related to endocytosis processes and also secretion taking base on their cytoplasmic ultrastructural features. Principal cell of vas deferens epithelium were characterized mainly by presence of vesicles with several shapes, sizes and internalized content at their apical cytoplasm occurring smaller pits and pale small vesicles seen next to the apical brush border of microvillus. Moreover, coated vesicles, smooth surface vesicles and great vesicles; multivesicular bodies, endosomes and lysosomes were seen. Presence of an apocrine secretory apparatus was also viewed, showing apical cytoplasmic expansions protruding into the vas deferens luminal compartment. The basal flattened cells, without luminal surface contact, occurred next to the basement membrane of the ductus, and did no exhibit special ultrastructural features.

El epitelio que recubre la luz del conducto deferente de la laca (Agouti paca), un roedor silvestre de Sudamérica, está formado por células principales (P) y básales (B), en donde las células principales están asociadas a los procesos de endocitosis y secreción, teniendo una base en su característica ultraestructural citoplasmática. Las células principales de los vasos deferentes del epitelio se caracteriza principalmente por la presencia de vesículas con variadas formas, tamaños y contenido interior en su citoplasma apical produciendo pequeñas invaginaciones y pequeñas vesículas pálidas ubicadas continuas al borde en cepillo de las microveilosidades apicales. Además, fueron observados, vesículas de superficie lisa y vesículas de gran tamaño; órganos multivesiculares, endosomas y lisosomas. También se observó la presencia de un aparato secretor apocrino, con expansiones citoplasmáticas apicales que se protruyen en el compartimiento luminar del conducto deferente. Células básales aplanadas, sin contacto con la superficie luminal, se encuentran junto a la membrana basal del conducto, las que no presentan características ultraestructurales especiales.

Morphology of male reproductive system in three species of Trypoxylon (Trypargilum) Richards (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae) / Morfologia do sistema reprodutor masculino em três espécies de Trypoxylon (Trypargilum) Richards (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae)

Variations in the adult male reproductive system among different groups of Hymenoptera offer characteristics that help studies on behavior and phylogenetics. The objective of this study was to describe the adult male reproductive system of three Trypoxylon (Trypargilum) species. For that, tissues were disseced, fixed in 2.5 percent glutaraldehyde in 0.1 M sodium cacodylate buffer, pH 7.2 and postfixed in 1 percent osmium tetroxide. The material was dehydratated and embedded for light and electron transmission microscopes. The species have similar reproductive systems, which are formed by a pair of testes, each one with three fusiforme follicles, from which emerges an efferent duct that later joins forming a deferent duct. The deferent duct opens into an ejaculatory duct. The first half of the deferent duct is enlarged and differentiated in a region specialized in sperm storage, the seminal vesicle. The accessory gland flows in the post-vesicular region of the deferent duct. The testes and vesicles are both covered with a conjunctive capsule. Sexually mature individuals have all spermatogenesis stages in their follicles. Sperms are released from testes in bundles which are disorganized inside seminal vesicles.

Variações no sistema reprodutor entre os diferentes grupos de Hymenoptera oferecem caracteres que auxiliam nos estudos de comportamento e filogenia. O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever o sistema reprodutor masculino de três espécies de Trypoxylon (Trypargilum). Para isso, os tecidos foram dissecados, fixados em glutaraldeído 2,5 por cento em tampão cacodilato de sódio 0,1 M, pH 7,2 e pós-fixados em tetróxido de ósmio a 1 por cento. O material foi desidratado e incluído para microscopias de luz e eletrônica de transmissão. As espécies possuem os sistemas reprodutores muito semelhantes, formados por um par de testículos, cada um com três folículos fusiformes, a partir dos quais emerge um ducto eferente que depois se juntam formando o ducto deferente. O ducto deferente termina no ducto ejaculatório. A primeira metade dos ductos deferentes é dilatada e diferenciada em uma região especializada no armazenamento de espermatozóides, a vesícula seminal. A glândula acessória desemboca na região pós-vesicular do ducto deferente. Testículos e vesículas seminais são envoltos por uma única cápsula conjuntiva. Indivíduos maduros sexualmente apresentam todos os estágios da espermatogênese em seus folículos. Os espermatozóides são liberados dos testículos em feixes, os quais estão desorganizados na vesícula seminal.

Morphological and immunohistochemical study of the non- ampullated part of the ductus deferens of the camel [camelus dromedarius] [with one table and 16 figures]

Gross, light and scanning electron microscopic and immunohistochemical morphology of the non-ampullated part of the ductus deferens of sexually mature dromedary camels were studied with special reference to the changes and modifications occurring throughout its entire length. This part was subdivided into three anatomical regional segments; proximal tortuous [scrotal], middle less tortuous [inguinal] and distal straight [abdominal] segments. It characterized by simple and low folded mucosa. It lined by pseudo stratified ciliated columnar epithelium with a thin lamina propria-submusosa. By scanning electron microscope, stereocilia of epithelial cells were tall and branched in the proximal segment tall, non-branched stereocilia in the middle segment and thick short microvilli in the distal segment. The muscular coat arranged in two layers; the inner layer was circular, while the outer layer was longitudinal. The intramural nerve fibers of the ductus deferens form plexuses in subepithelial tissue and in the muscular coat in addition larger nerve bundles in the serosa. Immunohistochemical reaction to protein gene product-9.5 [PGP-9.5] was used to demonstrate the general innervation pattern. The adrenergic and the cholinergic innervation were demonstrated using by immunohistochemical reactions to DPH and ChAT. These structural variations along the length of the vas deferens suggest that it performs functions other than just as a passageway for spermatozoa

Fine structure of the lining epithelium of the ductus deferens in gerbil: a segmental study

The cell types observed in the epithelium that lines the ductus deferens of the gerbil were principal, basal, narrow, and apical (mitochondria-rich) cells, whose cellular ultrastructure and segmental features were described. The morphological characteristics of the lining epithelium of the ductus in the three main tubular segments: adepididymic (proximal), funicular (middle) and adprostatic (distal) were presented. The cytophysiological role of the epithelial cell types in each segment was discussed on a comparative base. Resorption of seminiferous fluid and adsorptive endocytosis seem to be the main functions of the principal and apical cells. Moreover, secretory functions may occur in both cell types, mainly in principal cells in which ultrastructural characteristics of the Golgi-ER complex had been related to cellular secretion, perhaps of protein. Another ultrastructural feature of the supranuclear cytoplasm of principal cells was the presence of apical cytoplasmic expansions (apical protrusions), observed mainly in the epithelium of the distal ductus deferens segment, with suggestion of apocrine secretory process occurrence.

Sperm association in the rat epididymis

During dissolution of drops obtained by puncture of rat epididymis in distal caput, mid corpus, proximal and distal cauda we observed in the last tworegions the appearance of a new sperm association which we call rosette and the formation in the same two regions of dense clusters of non-motile degenerating spermatozoa already described in the rat was deferens. Rosettesbecome organized in the proximal cauda by head to head sperm contact through a filamentous PAS positive material. By video microscopy was observed thedilution of a dense drop of cauda epididymal content in a balanced salt solution at 36 degrees C. In less than 3 min, rosettes become dispersed intosingle sperm with a display of intense motility which starts immediately after dilution. A glycoprotein with cohesive properties secreted by the epididymal epithelium is postulated as the factor promoting rosette formation. We confirm that dense clusters correspond to degenerating spermatozoa and describe its first appearance in the epididymal proximal cauda with increase in number toward was deferens

Structural and ultrastructural alterations of epithelial cells of vas deferens caused by contrast medium

In a attempt to verify experimentally any possible alterations of epithelial cells of vas deferens caused by radiopaque substance, the right and left vasa deferential of 3 rats were injected respectively with saline solution (0.9 per cent NaCl) and Conray-400 (66.8 per cent sodium iodomethamate). 72 hours later, the animals were killed by cranial trauma and histolofical sections and electronmiucrographs of their vasa deferentia were observed. The histological sections of epithelial cells of left vasa deferentia showed a decrease in height and slight changes in stereocilia as compared with those of right contralateral vasa deferentia. Electronmicrographs displayed a reduction in number and size of stereocilia and alterations of many mitochondria in epithelial cells of left vasa deferentia